The Mongols were an enormous empire with territories stretching across Asia, Eastern Europe and even the Middle East. Founded in 1206 AD by Genghis Khan, the Mongol Empire grew to become the largest contiguous empire in history covering 22% of the Earth with a collective population of over 100million. However, in the years after the death of Genghis in 1227 the Empire began to split due to bloody battles between the grandchildren of the former warlord over who should be the rightful ruler.

Jerusalem was a Christian kingdom established in 1099 AD after the First Crusade. Lasting for nearly 200 years until the 1291 Siege of Acre by the Bahri Mamluk. Throughout history Jerusalem has been regarded as a special place for both Muslims and Christians and as a result several wars have taken place upon the hotly contested holy land. At its height, the Kingdom's encompassed several territories such as modern day Israel & Lebanon.

The Byzantine Empire and was formed in the wake of the 330 AD split from the Roma Empire and existed for more than 1000 years. Throughout its existence the Empire and its capital Constantinople, played hosts to deadly conflicts which gradually sapped away the Empire's strength. These continuous conflicts and most importantly the Byzantine - Ottoman Wars, would result in the eventual fall of the city and the concession of the remaining Byzantine territories to the Muslim Ottoman Empire in the early 15th century.